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李爱花,杨雪梅,孙轶楠,苑亚坤,杨俊涛
《中国工程科学》 2021年 第23卷 第4期 页码 153-161 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2021.04.018
应对新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)疫情防控的迫切需求,核酸疫苗以其快速高效的优点得到了疫苗研发领域的高度重视,特别是信使核糖核酸(mRNA)疫苗的研发进程显著加快,首次获批上市并在人体中使用。本文从核酸疫苗及相关技术概念、研发轨迹与发展趋势等方面总结梳理核酸疫苗的研发态势,辨识核酸疫苗特征,分析 COVID-19 疫情对 mRNA疫苗研究的促进作用,梳理核酸疫苗拓展应用的主要领域,针对可能存在的技术性研究建议,从改良目的基因表达、完善递送系统、提高免疫应答、增强 mRNA 稳定性及易存性等方面着手,着力开展核酸疫苗的关键技术开发;严格监管核酸疫苗的安全性和有效性;引导利益相关方对具有安全性风险、可能对肿瘤与传染病防控带来颠覆性影响的mRNA 疫苗技术开展改进研究,注重技术研发的前瞻布局并促进应用转化。
关键词: 核酸疫苗 脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)疫苗 核糖核酸(RNA)疫苗 信使核糖核酸(mRNA)疫苗 新型冠状病毒肺 炎 肿瘤
信息科学应引领未来的生物医学研究 Perspective
Kenta Nakai
《工程(英文)》 2019年 第5卷 第6期 页码 1155-1158 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.07.023
笔者从长期回顾的角度阐述了对人工智能(AI)/数据科学与生物医学之间关系的看法。随着新技术的不断出现,现代生物医学的发展持续加速。由于所有生命系统基本上都受其自身DNA中信息的支配,因此信息科学对生物医学的研究具有特别重要的意义。与物理学不同,在生物学中没有发现(或很少有)主导定律。因此,在生物学中,“数据到知识”方法很重要。人工智能在历史上一直应用于生物医学,最近的新闻表明,基于人工智能的方法在国际蛋白质结构预测竞争中获得了最佳性能,这可能被视为该领域的另一个里程碑。类似的方法可能有助于解决基因组序列解释中的问题,如确定患者基因组中的癌症驱动突变。最近,新一代测序(NGS)的爆炸性发展已产生大量数据,并且这种趋势将加速。NGS不仅用于“读取”DNA序列,而且还用于在单细胞水平上获得各种类型的信息。这些数据可以视为气候模拟中的网格数据点。数据科学和人工智能对于这些数据的综合解释/模拟都将变得至关重要,并将在未来的精密医学中起主导作用。
Ribozyme and the mechanisms that underlie RNA catalysis
Timothy J. Wilson,Yijin Liu,David M. J. Lilley
《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2016年 第10卷 第2期 页码 178-185 doi: 10.1007/s11705-016-1558-2
药品监管科学推动中国新冠病毒疫苗研发概述 Review
黄志明, 付志浩, 王军志
《工程(英文)》 2022年 第10卷 第3期 页码 127-132 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.01.001
基于RNA的生物防治——一种作物保护新模式 Review
Matthew Bramlett, Geert Plaetinck, Peter Maienfisch
《工程(英文)》 2020年 第6卷 第5期 页码 522-527 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.09.008
关键词: 基于RNA的生物防治 RNA干扰(RNAi) 科罗拉多马铃薯甲虫(CPB) 玉米根虫(CRW) 大豆臭虫(SSB)
Blockage of receptor-interacting protein 2 expression by small interfering RNA in murine macrophages
LIU Hongchun, CAO Zhongwei, JIN Jianjun, WANG Jiyao
《医学前沿(英文)》 2008年 第2卷 第2期 页码 166-170 doi: 10.1007/s11684-008-0030-1
Xuefei Ma, Wei Zhang, Rong Zhang, Jingming Li, Shufen Li, Yunlin Ma, Wen Jin, Kankan Wang
《医学前沿(英文)》 2019年 第13卷 第3期 页码 330-343 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0557-0
null
《医学前沿(英文)》 2017年 第11卷 第4期 页码 502-508 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0590-z
Although the efficacy of nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA) has been confirmed for treatment of chronic hepatitis B, long-term therapy has been recommended due to the high frequency of off-therapy viral DNA rebound and disease relapse. In this review, the RNA virion-like particles of hepatitis B virus (HBV) are integrated into the life cycle of HBV replication, and the potential significance of serum HBV RNA is systematically described. The production of HBV RNA virion-like particles should not be blocked by NA; in this regard, serum HBV RNA is found to be a suitable surrogate marker for the activity of intrahepatic covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA), particularly among patients receiving NA therapy. Therefore, the concept of virological response is redefined as persistent loss of serum HBV DNA and HBV RNA. In contrast to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) that can originate from either the cccDNA or the integrated HBV DNA fragment, serum HBV RNA, with pregenomic RNA origination, can only be transcribed from cccDNA. Therefore, the loss of serum HBV RNA would likely be a promising predicator for safe drug discontinuation. The clinical status of consistent loss of serum HBV RNA accompanied with low serum HBsAg levels might be implicated as a “para-functional cure,” a status nearly close to the functional cure of chronic hepatitis B, to distinguish the “functional cure” characterized as serum HBsAg loss with or without anti-HBs seroconversion.
关键词: chronic hepatitis B serum HBV RNA nucleos(t)ide analogs virological response para-functional cure
《医学前沿(英文)》 doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-1017-7
关键词: single-cell RNA-seq glioma radial glia primitive oligodendrocyte precursor cell immune escape
Construction and identification of lentiviral RNA interference vector of rat leptin receptor gene
Zhengjuan LIU, Jie BIAN, Yuchuan WANG, Yongli ZHAO, Dong YAN, Xiaoxia WANG
《医学前沿(英文)》 2009年 第3卷 第1期 页码 57-60 doi: 10.1007/s11684-009-0003-z
RNA m6A modification and its function in diseases
null
《医学前沿(英文)》 2018年 第12卷 第4期 页码 481-489 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0654-8
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most common post-transcriptional RNA modification throughout the transcriptome, affecting fundamental aspects of RNA metabolism. m6A modification could be installed by m6A “writers” composed of core catalytic components (METTL3/METTL14/WTAP) and newly defined regulators and removed by m6A “erasers” (FTO and ALKBH5). The function of m6A is executed by m6A “readers” that bind to m6A directly (YTH domain-containing proteins, eIF3 and IGF2BPs) or indirectly (HNRNPA2B1). In the past few years, advances in m6A modulators (“writers,” “erasers,” and “readers”) have remarkably renewed our understanding of the function and regulation of m6A in different cells under normal or disease conditions. However, the mechanism and the regulatory network of m6A are still largely unknown. Moreover, investigations of the m6A physiological roles in human diseases are limited. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in m6A research and highlight the functional relevance and importance of m6A modification in in vitro cell lines, in physiological contexts, and in cancers.
新冠病毒肺炎疫苗分配 ——模拟可替代策略的健康结局和公正性影响 Article
Maddalena Ferranna, Daniel Cadarette, David E. Bloom
《工程(英文)》 2021年 第7卷 第7期 页码 924-935 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.03.014
鉴于缺乏安全有效的新冠病毒肺炎(COVID-19)疫苗,一个主要的政策问题是如何在不同的社会人口学特征群体中分配疫苗。本文评估了迄今为止提出的COVID-19疫苗优先策略,重点关注其既定目标;所选分配方案对于大流行病进程和负担的影响机制;以及制定优先策略时出现的流行病学、经济、后勤和政治等主要问题。我们证明了优先考虑重点岗位人群是减少病例数量和降低死亡损失生命年的可行策略,而在大多数情况下,通过优先考虑老年人来实现死亡人数的最大减少,即使疫苗能有效阻止病毒传播。这一特性的不确定性和疫苗针剂支付的潜在延迟加强了优先考虑老年人的呼吁。此外,我们还调查了支持分配策略的公平动机的强度,该策略将绝对优先考虑给予重点岗位人群能降低感染致死风险的疫苗。
标题 作者 时间 类型 操作
Ribozyme and the mechanisms that underlie RNA catalysis
Timothy J. Wilson,Yijin Liu,David M. J. Lilley
期刊论文
Blockage of receptor-interacting protein 2 expression by small interfering RNA in murine macrophages
LIU Hongchun, CAO Zhongwei, JIN Jianjun, WANG Jiyao
期刊论文
Overexpressed long noncoding RNA CRNDE with distinct alternatively spliced isoforms in multiple cancers
Xuefei Ma, Wei Zhang, Rong Zhang, Jingming Li, Shufen Li, Yunlin Ma, Wen Jin, Kankan Wang
期刊论文
Potential use of serum HBV RNA in antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis B in the era of nucleos(t)ide
null
期刊论文
immune escape and microenvironment between RG-like and pri-OPC-like glioma revealed by single-cell RNA-seq
期刊论文
Construction and identification of lentiviral RNA interference vector of rat leptin receptor gene
Zhengjuan LIU, Jie BIAN, Yuchuan WANG, Yongli ZHAO, Dong YAN, Xiaoxia WANG
期刊论文